This paper aims to study the Impact of the IT companies share in NSE. The researchers chose the selected companies from the IT sector in NSE. The study comprises the daily data of IT stocks closing price, trade quantity, turnover and number of thetrade from May 1, 2016, to February 28, 2017, which is collected from the National stock exchange web port. The researchers used paired sample t-test for to find the impact of IT share thepre-post implementation of the H1B visa ban. The researcher concluded that the respective stock prices are influenced by the H1B visa ban.

This study focuses on how firms establish debt maturity (DM) structure given certain levels of both internal and external financial constraints in Vietnamese context. Unlike extant studies, this paper employs quantile regression and Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition techniques to dissect in more detail the differences in the debt maturity structure of firms classified based on their constraint type. Our findings show that in general firms facing external and internal financial constraints behave dissimilarly towards the choice of DM structure due to their differing levels of liquidity risk, agency cost and probably the will to seize the market. The results from quantile regression provide strong evidence showing that constrained firms suffer more from liquidity risk and information asymmetry, while unconstrained firms with stronger financial profiles are better equipped to withstand both of these frictions effectively and the desire to use long-term debt is very high for large firms. Both groups show strong preference for a reduction in agency cost associated with high ratios of long-term debt. The results from decomposing the difference in DM between two groups offer a different perspective: large firms tend to be more willing to signal their quality through employing more short-term debt and show strong desire to use long-term debt, but firms with high cash flow do not observe such a trend.

A cashless transaction in India is an effort to move towards a cashless economy by minimising the use of physical cash. The main objective of the study is to present the current status of India in usage of digital currency in comparison to other developed countries and find the challenges and opportunities which are associated with the cashless transaction in India. The data of different countries which are related to usage of digital currencies has been gathered. Data is gathered by using secondary data collection method and then graphical representation is being used. The findings of the study revealed that the introduction of cashless economy in India can be seen as a step in the right direction of economy growth and development. It has been conducted to unravel the challenges and opportunities of cashless economy by promoting electronic money instruments, developing electronic financial infrastructures and spreading digital transaction habits among people. Demonetisation announcement (2016) is a revolutionary move towards the cashless economy in India. The study recommends that more people should start using digital payment methods which will serve a cashless economy or less cash economy.

Research Issue: Banks need to pay attention in evaluating and improving their performance continuously for increasing their market share and profitability and to survive in current competitive, challenging and changeable environment. Products and services are of intangible nature in banksthereforemeasuring performance on financial aspect as well as on Non-financial aspects is equally important. Balanced Scorecard is a strategic performance measurement and management system that helps to improve the planning, control and performance measurement functions of management accounting.
Research Objective: To evaluate and compare the performance of HDFC bank on four basic perspectives of Balanced Scorecard and other identified perspectives.
Method of Data Collection: Through Secondary sources which includes Annual reports, Sustainability reports, various websites, articles, journals, etc.
Tools & Techniques: Through Graphs, charts, percentages, mean, averages and standard deviation using MS-Excel.
Research Conclusion & Suggestions: It has been concluded that highly skilled and trained employees has resulted in improved operations of the HDFC bank. Bank has a responsible behaviour towards its stakeholders, society, and environment which has led the bank increase its customer base and high customer base has increases the business of bank. High growth in business has maintained the profitability of the bank in last five years. Performance evaluation on each perspective of Balanced Scorecard is necessary requirement for each bank so that the key areas for improvement can be identified and improved. It is suggested more studies are needed on comparative studies with others Indian banks based on BSC.

Worldwide expansion of microenterprise development programme as a strategy for rural development through sustainable livelihood by raising the level of financial support under microfinance calls for an in-depth evaluation of the questions of sustainability and desired impacts of these programmes. Under this perspective, the study attempts to measure as well as compare the level of sustainability of micro enterprises and understand the performance of sustainable enterprises by investigating efficiency. Comparing the level of sustainability among Survival-oriented enterprises and Growth-oriented enterprises through the score of Composite Sustainability Index it can be concluded that sustainability suffers most for Survival-oriented enterprises and least for Growth-oriented enterprises. The findings also suggest that more than 97% of sustainable microenterprises have performed at higher level of scale efficiency.

On the basis of the inconclusiveness of reports on the efficiency of Indian equity markets, this study made an attempt to examine the linear dependency in the Indian markets, both in BSE and NSE, in three categories of market portfolios, categorized in terms of broad market representation, size and liquidity (constructed based on trade volume) across varying time periods and sub periods. Time domain as well as frequency domain tests such as; Multiple variance ratio test, Joint test of Wright’s rank and sign test, and Spectral shape test of random walk were applied in the analysis. Broadly, the period of analysis spanned from 1992 to 2016. The broad market indicators showed evidences of efficiency improvement in the Indian market over the period of time with significant sub-periodic reversal patterns. Furthermore, the study also identified pervasive and significant linear dependency across market segments based on size and liquidity indicating the possibility of beating the market with simple linear trading strategies. Further investigations on periodical changing patterns in the market participation of stake holders and the responsiveness of various policy initiatives on the overall market as well as on the market segments need to be explored to understand the conflicting observations of broad market efficiency improvements and the periodic as well as segments based efficiency divergences observed from this study.

The issue of enhancing tax compliance is attaining a grander attention in the policy decisions worldwide. The lack of adequate financial resources has led economies especially developing countries to focus upon tax performance more vigorously. A lot of macroeconomic-structural changes have been introduced in the Indian economy following 1991 reforms. The present study attempts to analyse the Indian income tax revenue performance in the post liberalization (1991) era. The study investigates the association of income tax revenue with various structural, macro-economic and governance parameters. The sample period covers a time span of 25 years (1991-2015). The multiple regression analysis revealed that labour force participation rate, GDP per capita, Currency with public, FDI inflows, trade openness and share of agriculture sector in GDP have significant impact over income tax revenue performance in India. The findings have important implications to improve the responsiveness of income tax revenue performance in the dynamic and fluctuating environment of the Indian economy.

The present study is examining the impact of information asymmetry and liquidity risk on financial flexibility of the selected corporations listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The present research is applied in term of its endeavor and also sectional as it is based on time. The quantitative data is used and the research design is descriptive and causal as it is examining the relationship between variables such as information asymmetry, liquidity risk and financial adaptability. For the study 148 listed corporations of Tehran Stock Exchange has been selected for the study and have been studied between year 2012 to year 2016. In the research, information asymmetry and liquidity risk of stock are independent variables and their effects on financial flexibility as the dependent variable in the form of regression model based on paneling data have been experimentally tested. The research conclusions indicate that information asymmetry has negative yet significant impact on financial flexibility while liquidity risk of stock has significant positive consequence on financial flexibility. All together effect of information asymmetry and liquidity risk variables on financial flexibility is negative and yet significant. Eventually, on the basis of conclusions inferred from tests of hypotheses, it can be suggested that managers should perform suitable functions such as; appropriate disclosure, accuracy of financial structure, supplement of suitable financial support and reducing unsuitable conservation. With the help of above mentioned actions, domain difference of sale and buy bid price and risk of stock liquidity will decrease which will lead to more financial flexibility. Moreover, it is suggested that investors should look into extent of risk liquidity of stock in while making investment and they should avoid investment when the difference of sale and buy price is higher than the corporation buying stock.

Purpose of Research:- The role of gender has a challenging effect on consumer behavior which has an immense influence on the customer based brand equity (CBBE) of a brand. This study shows the difference in the behavior of female (XX) and male (XY) consumers in influencing CBBE to help the managers in better strategy formulation.
Methodology :- This study is exploratory and causal in nature with a primary survey of respondents belonging to two genders. It investigates the moderating effect of gender as a demographic factor on CBBE using structural equation modeling. Data has been collected both from primary as well as secondary sources. The sampling technique used is quota in nature with a sample size of 655.
Major Results:- The research results revealed that gender acts as a moderator in some cases. There is a difference in the causal effect of the antecedents on CBBE and CBBE on its consequences for genders.
Implications :- The brand managers can benefit immensely from the results. The mobile phones can be designed and positioned according to the results. In certain cases, both genders had an equal opinion about the importance of certain variables. These findings can be well implemented in formulating strategies for the brand.
Originality/value:- This paper studies the gap in the literature on gender as a moderator in influencing the effect of the antecedents and consequences of CBBE. A developed model of CBBE is tested with data collected from both the genders. The difference in the effect of the antecedents on CBBE and CBBE on its consequences is shown. Moreover the differences between the responses and choices of the genders if any have also been found out.

Handloom weaving is an age old craft which is passed from one generation to another as a family legacy which makes it like family business but lack of proper management skills such entrepreneurial skills this profession is not getting its due recognition resulting in a situation where this art is almost on the verge of extinction. But the younger generation is not very keen to continue this family occupation due to lack of recognition, low wages, poor working conditions and difficulty in raw material procurement and selling of finished products. And also they face stiff competition from power loom which can easily imitate the design and can make the same design in less time. Weavers need to be enabled to interpret designs and technical advancements, convert them into final product within stipulated time. Here comes the importance of entrepreneurial skills. The modus operandi in handloom market has three important pillars namely individual weavers, Master Weavers(Grihastha) & Gaddidars(Mahajan).The individual weavers work under master weavers who owns the paraphernalia for weaving but depends on Gaddidars for the sale of the of the goods. These gaddidars act as the middlemen and take up the profit by making a markup of 50% and then big retailers again make 50% markup on that which makes the price almost 100% more than the original price. This paper mainly focuses on the working model of entrepreneurs in handloom sector of Varanasi, here it refers to the master weavers. These weavers manage to keep themselves relevant and are able to create a market for themselves in spite of this sector being low technology driven. The entrepreneurial functioning in this sector is quiet an interesting thing. Government also is working tirelessly in promoting this sector, by implementing various schemes for benefit of weavers. The handloom products have their uniqueness in terms of their sophisticated designs. The master weavers often get an advantage by maintaining a low transaction cost and social capital. This paper will outline the working model of entrepreneurs/ master weavers and will also give an insight to the interventions of the government which will act as a catalyst to promote entrepreneurial functioning in individual weavers. The Government intervention through various schemes will help in educating weavers about technical as well as managerial matters and enable young weavers to enhance Entrepreneurship, Management and Computer skills and sensitize them on issues of Quality Control, Packaging, Zero defect and Zero effect apart from some component of technical knowledge so that they successfully emerge as Handloom Entrepreneurs. This effort is quiet apparent due to launch of BRAND HANDLOOM and providing e-commerce platform for the handloom products in collaboration with flipkart. Introduction of various courses in institutions such as IIHT is also a favorable step in this area. This paper will describe in detail about already existing model of entrepreneurship and efforts generated by the government in this direction. The main objective is to highlight the functioning & relevance of master weavers and their roles in value chain of handloom weaving, along with importance of government interventions which bases it schemes more or less on functioning of master weavers.

The expansion of the Internet has enabled customers to quickly and conveniently interact with other customers and has established the phenomenon known as electronic word ofmouth (eWOM). This easier, wider and faster medium of communication is not restricted to strong social tie groups, thus the message itself plays a critical role in creating the brand image and persuading purchase intention. The present study attempts to examine the extent to which eWOM can influence brand image and purchase intention in the lifestyle products in the Indian context. Based on the information obtained from 313 respondents who had experience within the online communities, this paper analyses the impact of eWOM, brand image and purchase intention using structural equation modeling. The results obtained show the significant impact of eWOM on brand image andthe mediating role of the brand image between eWOM and purchase intention. The present study recommends that marketers should put greater emphasis on eWOM in order to maximize brand popularity that resultantly would influence consumers’ purchase intention.

Rapid growth of the economy has led to the development of various health related problems among people. One such major problem these days is Stress. If proper care is not taken STRESS can lead to various health hazards, which could become life threatening too. This research is an attempt to study Qualification and its impact on faculties in private Universities of Uttar Pradesh. In this paper it is checked whether qualification has any role to play in increasing stress of faculties in the private universities of Uttar Pradesh, India. Dr Uday Pareek’s standard ORS Questionnaire is used for collecting data from the faculties of the universities and Anova is used to see whether any dimension of stress has any Relationship with Qualification or not.

The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between gender of adolescents and their gender role expectations. Also, this paper aims at understanding the involvement in decision making of adolescents in family vacation and dining out with them on the basis of their gender. Despite a large number of studies in various western countries in this area, few studies investigate adolescent (children aged between 13-19 years) influence in family decision making in India. The present study takes into account the gender of the adolescents (aged between 16-19 years) for the two experiential services family vacation and dining out. A relationship was found between the adolescents' gender and their gender role orientation. Also, no differences in the involvement of adolescents with respect to gender was found in the family decision making process for vacation and dining out. However, male adolescents were found to be more involved in crucial (instrumental)decisions regarding family vacation and females in 'when to go' sub decision for dining out.

Environmental issues are gaining importance in the tourism industry. The concept of sustainable tourism has created significant pressure on the hotel industry. Environmental friendliness is now central to the notion of resource use and consumption in these establishments. This study investigates the influence of various efforts initiated by the government for establishing environmental concern in the hotels. The hotels in the desert ecosystem of Rajasthan were primarily targeted. The study reveals the primary areas of environmental concern are water management, solid waste management, energy management and biodiversity conservation. Although most of the factors needed to be considered in the inception and planning period of the hotel yet it was found that majority of the hotels have started taking initiatives for energy and water conservation. The survey has further indicated that environmental sustainability needs to be instilled in the behavioral aspect of the workforce and more demand needs to be created at the demand side of the chain.

This research investigated the effect of business (commercial) strategy on stock values of selected corporations listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The population of study has 856 corporations listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, while 142 corporations have been selected by systematic deletion. The time period of the study was from 2012 to 2016. The research is empirical in term of its objective and the data is quantitative. Paneling data method is used based for data collection. Research findings indicate that business (commercial) strategy has meaningful effect on the stock values of the corporations. The study concluded that this effect is positive and direct. The research findings suggest that investors and board of corporations should create supervision plans to have more control on the stock values. They should decrease free cash flows and prevent more investment as excess investment represents a kind of inefficiency.

In today’s competitive work environment, there is a paramount importance for the employee empowerment, since it can give an organization a sustainable competitive edge. The overall aim of this study is to examine the influence of employee empowerment on affective commitment and employees’ behavioral intention to stay. A quantitative research design was used via a structured questionnaire and hypotheses were simultaneously tested on a sample of 248 bank employees, using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings of this study confirmed that psychological empowerment positively influence the affective commitment, and employee’s intention to stay, thereby underscores an avenue for managers to empower their human resource and provide such an environment where they can participate in decision-making, giving them freedom to handle their problems, and opportunity to use their skills and abilities. Increase in employee empowerment, in turn serves as the veins for higher employees affective commitment and higher intention to stay with the organization. This study is cross-sectional and so a longitudinal investigation of the understudy construct could be demanded. In addition, future research in other service sectors is a need to be conducted on a high note to make a wide generalization of the findings.

The present study was conducted among 76 research scholars of universities of Himachal Pradesh. The study sought to determine the effect of impostor phenomenon on career satisfaction and perceived career success of scholars with career optimism as a mediator variable. The participants completed Clance Impostor Scale and two scales measuring career satisfaction and perceived career success. The results of the study supported the hypotheses (a) Impostor Phenomenon was negatively related to career satisfaction and perceived career success of research scholars; (b) career optimism mediated relationship between impostor phenomenon and career satisfaction perceived career success of research scholars.

This article attempts to examine the Lower Boundary Conditions (LBCs) on the S&P CNX Nifty index options, the main index of National Stock Exchange (NSE), India. The study covers a period of 5 years that is from 1st April 2012 to 31st March 2017. The violation of the LBCs indicates arbitrage opportunities and it is an indication of the inefficiency of the options market. The study demonstrates frequent violations of LBCs at both the call and put index options. In order to better understand the behaviour of the violations, the study further examines the violations with respect to liquidity and maturity of the options. This has been done with the view that merely violations does not indicate inefficiency of the options market, it is the exploitability of this abnormal profits which gives serious threat to the market efficiency. Further, in order to verify whether the differences in the magnitude of violations are statistically significant hypotheses have been formulated and tested for both the call and put options market. The results of the study indicate that the Indian index options market during the period of study was efficient as most of the abnormal profits were not exploitable due to lack of liquidity.

The rising unemployment levels are indeed major obstacle for the economic growth in India, particularly in the Kashmir valley. Under such circumstance entrepreneurship is becoming a vital instrument to promote economic growth and development across all the regions of valley. Over the times, policymakers and academicians come up with different policies to initiate the spark of entrepreneurship particularly among the youth of Kashmir. Nevertheless, In spite of efforts, these policies have not been able to bring in the desired results. This is partly because threat perception towards entrepreneurships halt entrepreneurial propensity among the youth. In this background, a conceptual frame work is established, whereby various predictors contributing to the formation of threat perception were contemplated as explanatory factors in the formation of youth’s attitude towards entrepreneurship.

Studies on individuals topping the board examinations, much more in the field of accountancy education, are nil or in dearth, thus the inspiration to conduct this study. This study was aimed at finding out the profile of three participant cases and the factors that led them to top the Board Licensure Examination for Certified Public Accountants (BLECPA). It’s a study that was anchored on Mueller’s Theory of Iceberg and Walberg’s Theory of Educational Productivity. Using Qualitative-Descriptive research design, findings showed some common characteristics shared by the achievers and factors that led them to top the BLECPA. Results from the study confirms in most part Mueller’s and Walberg’s Theories in which factors that led individuals to succeed have been identified. Implications of the results of the study to existing knowledge and BS Accountancy program implementation were also established.