Research Issue : The last years have witnessed a dramatic collapse of major corporate, across the world. This has brought to the fore a major lacunae in the Corporate Governance system. Hence the focus of the governments, regulators, companies, investors and the general public has shifted to updating the efficacy of the Corporate Governance system. Good Corporate Governance is simply Good Business. This study associates the Corporate Governance Disclosure Practices of GAIL which is included in BSE SENSEX. Following objectives of this study are-
1. To determine the Corporate Governance Disclosure Practices in GAIL included in BSE SENSEX. (For three financial years 2014-15, 2015-16, 2016-17).
2. To identify the areas where in further improvement in terms of Corporate Governance is necessary.
Research Findings: As per SEBI’s Regulation 2015 GAIL constituted statutory committee viz., Audit Committee, Stakeholders, Relationship Committee and Nomination and Remuneration Committee but GAIL has no proper combination between Executive Director, Non- Executive Director and Independent Director in all three years. GAIL also did not have one woman director in all three years.
Research Suggestions: Gail should have ½ of the Board of Director as Independent Directors. The Chairman of the company should be NED for the compliance of SEBI’s Regulation 2015. Directors of the company should be present in all board meeting. They also should be attending AGM to answer the queries of stakeholders. GAIL should have at least three Non-Executer Directors and at least half of the members should be Independent Directors. The Chairman of the Committee should be Independent Director.

The present study analyzes the impact of financial management decisions namely financing decision, dividend decision and working capital management decision on profitability of selected 20 steel companies for the period of 10 years starting from 2007-2016. Current ratio, debtor turnover ratio, debt equity ratio, interest coverage ratio and total dividend as % of profit after tax collectively represent the financial management decisions. Profitability of steel companies has been measured by return on assets. Panel data regression model has been applied for analyzing the results. The empirical results found that current ratio, debtor turnover ratio, debt equity ratio, interest coverage ratio are significant while total dividend as % of profit after tax is a non- significant determinant of profitability of steel companies.

Agriculture Insurance is a risk management technique for farmers to save them from the effect of the losses that are occurred due to some unforeseen or unpredictable phenomenon. Unfortunately agriculture has it as a necessity. Agriculture is mostly affected by such factors, as it is dependent on weather for its production. Loss in production results in loss in revenue from the sector. This leads to a number of unfavorable outcomes for the economy such as farmers leaving the sector for their survival, GDP contribution from agriculture is also decreasing that restricts the development of agriculture sector in India, unemployment and poverty. Hence the development of agriculture sector is essential for the development of Indian economy, because agriculture sector provide employment to a major part of population; this sector also is the third largest contributor to Indian GDP. Whatever growth expectations cannot be achieved without developing the agriculture sector. in development of the sector, there are certain issues which can not be eliminated completely, loss in production due to adverse weather conditions is one of those issues. Weather changes are not completely predictable, specially in India which has such a vast variety of weather conditions in different regions, therefore the revenue from the sector cannot be stable, it varies according to the effect of weather conditions. To control the effect of these losses on farmers’ financial status, to motivate them to not to leave the sector, Agriculture Insurance schemes were launched. Government has been taking steps in this regard since independence yet these efforts are not successful in mitigating these risks as these risks are uncertain and unpredictable. First Agriculture Insurance was launched in India in 1972. Since then there have been different agriculture insurance schemes implemented in India. These schemes were launched with the aim of compensating the losses occurred in agriculture production, which they could not achieve and the sector is struggling for growth. The researcher wants to find out the reasons for the failure of these schemes and how farmers perceive such insurance schemes. To analyze their perception researcher went to some farmers and some insurance agents.
This paper aims to find out the perception of the end user i.e. farmers towards the agriculture insurance scheme and what they think are the reasons for the failure of these schemes so far. For this research interviewed some of the farmers and people related to administration of agriculture insurance in Udaipur. Responses of farmers and insurance agents were analyzed and conclusion was drawn by qualitative research. Farmers responses on different factors like premium awareness, willingness to purchase the scheme, claim settlement, weather station all three current schemes overall impact and their satisfaction with them was taken.

The purpose of the present researchwas to examine the potential relationship of asset growth and profitability indexwith the expected stock returnsin the listed companies on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Three types of variable were involved:net asset growth, profitability, profitability index derived from net asset growth, and growth opportunities were the independent variables;expected stock return was the dependent or outcome variable; and firm value, free cash flows (FCFs), and earnings were used as control variables.The data analysison a sample of450 firm-yearsfromTehran Stock Exchangein the period 2009-2014 indicated net asset growth (QInvi,t), profitability (Proi,t), and profitability index derived from net asset growth (ProqInvi,t) as the covariates ofthe firmexpected stock returns.

Monetary and financial policies are one of the most important macroeconomic policies that affect stock market to large extent. The knowledge of how these policies influence is the important step in national and regional planning and development. The purpose of this research is analyzing the impact of the monetary and fiscal policies on Iran's capital market since 25 years. The data in this research is taken from the period ranging from year 1991 to year 2016. The number of observations of this research was 100 observations. This research is analytical and quasi-experimental. The research design is descriptive and applied. , in terms of purpose is applied, in terms of implementation logic is deductive, in terms of. In this research, out of 360 models, 2 final models were extracted and analyzed. In analyzing the data to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable multiple Regression was used, as well as to compare the different governments the Wald test was used and to test the root of the Dickey Fuller test are used. The results of this study showed that the effect of the monetary and financial policies on volume of transactions in the capital market is significant.

In last 20 years there has been seen a big transformation in terms of lifestyle, preferences and buying trends among Indian consumers. Consumer buying behavior is influenced by many factors like personal, social, environmental, psychological and technological. Rapid advancement in technology and use of internet has brought a drastic change in consumer buying behavior. More and more consumers are shifting to online shopping due to its various advantages. Present study examines the factors that motivate consumers to decide whether to do online shopping or go for offline shopping. A comparative study is done to find the satisfaction level with experience of consumer buying online and also to analyze the preferences of male and female for online shopping. The research is based on primary data collected through close ended structured questionnaire. Consumers are purposively selected of different age groups includes students, working professionals, housewives and business class people etc.

On 8th November 2016 honorable prime minister of India took a phenomenal step by declaring that two highest denomination currency notes in India (500 rupee notes and 1000 rupee notes) will not remain legal tender. Demonetization decision coupled with government’s initiative to make India a cashless economy is expected to bring a phenomenal transformation in the way people make payments and expected to increase inclination towards online payment. Among the various modes of online payments the mode gaining popularity during present time is E-wallets. In a nation such as India where larger part of clients still favors Cash-On-Delivery, it is difficult to fasten the pace of process of innovation diffusion such as digital wallets. This generates research interest to study the readiness of people to use E-wallets and factors influencing the adoption of E-wallets including the factors refraining the usage of it, during the post demonetization period. This research paper is aimed at examining the adoption of E-wallets as a mode of payment in Ahmedabad City and to ascertain the factors encouraging and preventing the usage of E-wallets during the post demonetization period. This paper also throws light on adjuvant issues like impact of demonetization decision on preference for online payments, impact of various demographic factors on usage of E-wallets, problems faced by people while using E-wallets etc. The study is based on 318 valid responses received through a structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed by using percentages, cross tabulation and statistical tools like ANOVA. Through this study researchers found that, E-wallet users give very high level of importance to attributes like security, privacy concerns and pricing (Fees). The major problems frequently encountered by the respondents while using E-wallet are long transaction time taken by E-wallet for processing the transaction, security breach and delayed payment. Demonetization drive of government of India has contributed immensely towards awareness, usage and acceptance of online payment.

Banking Sector, being a main player of Money and Capital market in India, performs an essential role in the economic development of the country. Now a day, banks are engaged in wide range of activities, offering variety of financial products and services to huge number of customers. They have also entered into the consultation market and provide comprehensive service package to individual customers and corporate. These customers and corporate need special responsiveness and services that will lead to high customer satisfaction and loyalty and that will lead to high earnings and growth. Focus on upgradation of internal business process is a primary strategic objective to survive in the fierce competition. This paper describes the impact of internal business process perspective while analyzing banks’ performance by taking 4 public sector banks and investigating whether this perspective was same across all the banks. Also the significant variables under internal business process perspective were taken out from the analysis on which banks should focus more.

In this growing globalized environment where a fast innovative and technical changes entering into markets, products and processes somewhere affecting the sustainability & growth of SME’s. Therefore, most of them are either closed or are on the verge of closing. Thus, it becomes imperative for SME’s to refocused on their factors of production especially skill set of labour and training is the best medium for enhancing and updating skills of human resource. But in SMEs there are so many reasons that create hurdles in the path of organizing effective training for SMEs employees. So, the aim of his paper is to focus on relevant constraints faced by SME’s in conducting effective skill enhancement programs. For this purpose, a survey questionnaire method was used to gather data from 76 small medium enterprises owners located in Bhilwara district of Rajasthan .Several descriptive statistical analysis method like central tendency, percentage etc were used. Further, factor analysis method (Principal component method) was applied to get factors from set of observed variables which constraint the training. Moreover, Bartlett’s test and KMO test was applied to know the applicability of Factor analysis. Further, it was found that after applying factor analysis on 13 obstacles, there are three major reasons: Manpower risk, scarcity of resources and training awareness which actually create obstacles for SMEs in imparting training.

Due to the increased popularity of social media for sharing information and increasing communication, organizations have started to think about the employment of these communication tools at their workplace for various purposes. In this regard, this study tended to determine the effect of social media use at work on employee performance, considering the mediating role of trust, shared vision, network ties and knowledge transfer in Irancell Services Center. Hypotheses evaluated the effect of social media use at work on three dimensions of social capital (shared vision development, trust and network links), knowledge transfer, and eventually employee performance. The studied population consisted of all managers, experts and employees of Irancell Telecommunications Service Co; 300 samples were randomly selected and measured. The instrument used for collecting data was a 37-question standard questionnaire. Validity was measured by C.V.R content validity and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability. To test hypotheses, structural equation modeling was done by Amos 23 software. The results showed that social media had a positive effect on shared vision (44%), network ties (30%) and trust (73%); shared vision of employees had a positive effect on knowledge transfer (22%). Moreover, trust had a positive effect on knowledge transfer (34%); however, network ties had no positive effect on knowledge transfer. Finally, shared vision, network ties and knowledge transfer had no positive effect on employee performance, while trust had a positive effect on employee performance (26%).

Globalisation of a country signifies the connectivity with various nations through different forms of trading. Globalisation has been measured by Globalisation index (GCI). Generally, it focuses on the flow of trade, capital, information and human being of nations. Globalisation of a country may be influenced by various macro environmental elements; like, Human Development Index (HDI), Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and Global Terrorism Index (GTI) etc. Objective of this study is to identify and analysis the effect of the above mention environmental elements on globalisation index of India. Multiple Regression model has been implemented on forty seven years (1970 to 2016) related data of macro environmental elements and globalisation index for calculation of results. Result of the study reveals that some determinants have positive impact on globalisation of India during the sample period and some have not.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting customer purchasing decision in the sports wear industry based on the marketing mix model. The statistical population is about 2600 people. Random stratified sampling method was used as the sample in this study. A sample with 335 people was obtained using Morgan's table due to the limited population. In this research, after the retrieval of the questionnaires and the one-sample t-test was applied. According to the applied test and normalization of the data, the results were as follows:
1- The product attributes affects the customers’ decision to purchase sportswear in Tehran City.
2- The price offered affects the customers’ decision to purchase sportswear in Tehran City.
3- The place of supply and distribution of goods affects the customers’ decision to purchase sportswear in Tehran City.
4- The advertisements affect the customers’ decision to purchase sportswear in Tehran City.

Driven forward by technological innovation, the retail paradigm is in the midst of a significant shift. The proliferation of shopping channels has fundamentally impacted consumer behaviour, creating a more diffused shopping experience that is increasingly being carried out over multiple channels. Mobile capabilities are at the centre of this diffusion; their ubiquity has opened up a wealth of new opportunities for retailers to market to and engage with consumers. Mobile has become a formidable commercial channel. Moreover, through innovative mobile tools like shopping apps, location-based services, and mobile wallets, retailers can deliver hyper-contextual marketing messages to consumers, wherever they may be. Thanks to smartphones, brands are more embedded than ever in consumers’ daily lives. As the rapid growth of smart devices, the development of mobile applications (App) has been gradually become the focal point which the enterprises pay attention. Since the “mobile applications” owns the characteristics of entertainment, functionality, information, socialization as well as intellectual stimulation and so on, therefore it gradually becomes the emerging innovative marketing tools for marketing. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to understand the key linkages between experiential value and usage attitude of the shoppers’ who prefer to use shopping applications. In this study an attempt has been made conceptually understand the complicated courtship between the connected consumers in today’s digital age and the emergence online shopping using mobile apps. This research paper aims to provide a valuable reference for enterprises which are initiating or conducting the implementation of mobile shopping applications, and for researchers interested in the technological innovations in the future.