Purpose: This quantitative study aims to determine the impact of two variables-online banking service and its perceived threat—on consumer pleasure and purchaser loyalty in Bangladesh. Methodology: Of late, a survey was conducted to gather primary data, and a total of 329 respondents were selected using a convenient specimen approach from a specific group of public and authority-owned banks. Although the right devices have been chosen for each construct by experimental review, the relationship between some of the constructs has been carefully assessed through the use of structural modeling. Factor analysis systems have been employed to perceive the underlying structures and a few of the explored online banking service attributes. Findings: The results of an exploratory issue evaluation revealed twelve composite dimensions of first-class electronic service and perceived threat, which included the availability of convenient electronic banking operations. The structural modeling method was used to assess the relationships between some of the constructs, and exploratory analysis was carefully employed to determine the right items for each construct. It appears from their examination that there are clear connections between buyer satisfaction, client loyalty, and perceived hazards.

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of purchase duration in the effect of social media use on online consumer purchasing behavior. As social media has been gaining increasing importance worldwide, becoming, it has also been changing shopping habits in almost all countries. With so many consumers spending more time online than ever before, it is important to understand how long it takes them to make a purchase and which factors are involved in their decision-making process. More specifically, this study examines the relationship between social media dependency and consumer purchasing behavior, focusing on the mediating effect of purchase duration. A study involving 329 individuals from India and 204 from Turkey was conducted, and the data was analyzed using PLS structural equation modeling. The results indicated that social media dependency positively influences consumer purchasing behavior. Also, the study exhibits that purchase duration mediates the relationship between social media dependency and consumer purchasing behavior. Keywords: Consumer Purchasing Behaviour (COPB), Purchase decision, Social Media Dependency, SEM-PLS, Mediating role Introduction In today's world, understanding consumer intention and behaviour, maintaining the closest relationships with them, and how they behave on social media, are gaining more importance than ever before (Akar and Dalgic, 2018; Kunja and Gvrk, 2020) before buying items or services, shoppers seek out and gather the right data and then compare the seller using this data to make the best purchase decision. Search effort is an indispensable part of search behavior and is more complicated for service products.

Scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of "digital business" have been studied and, on this basis, an author's approach to its interpretation based on the globalization of economic relations has been proposed. The statistical indicators of the use of information and communication technologies at domestic enterprises were analyzed, and the state of development of digital business in Ukraine was analyzed. It has been established that the majority of enterprises have access to the Internet and carry out electronic trade through it, the number of which is characterized by positive trends. Export volumes of the IT industry of Ukraine are growing steadily, mostly to EU countries. A low level of the number of enterprises that conducted training in the field of ICT was revealed. Indicators of the use of websites , cloud technologies, calculations based on "big data" and the frequency of use of 3D printing demand better results. The problems of functioning of digital business in Ukraine are analyzed. The national infrastructure of the sphere of regulation of the development of digital business in Ukraine is presented, with its constituent government institutions and key normative legal acts of regulatory activity. Ways to strengthen the regulatory policy in the field of digital business in the areas of effective state regulation, rational approaches to data processing, regulation of competition, principles of advertising activity, protection of the rights of consumers of digital products and services, reduction of cyber risks and introduction of the "Uniform Digital Income Tax" according to OECD methods are proposed.

In the article, the role of digital technologies in ensuring stable functioning of the financial services market in the conditions of dissipatedness and uncertainty is examined. Important attention was paid to the analysis of the impact of modern information and communication innovations on the activities of financial institutions of various types. Among the methods that were used to conduct the research, the following should first be highlighted: content analysis, abstraction, systematization, comparison, induction and deduction, visualization methods for presenting statistical information. In the article, the main consequences of digital transformation are also identified, which are inherent in certain components of the financial services market (credit services market, deposit services market, insurance services market, investment services market). The analysis of the features of the functioning of the financial services market in the conditions of instability of the macroeconomic environment was carried out. Using the experience of Ukraine, which is currently facing nonstandard and unpredictable challenges for the activity of financial institutions, the trends of the activity of financial institutions in Ukraine since the beginning of the war were investigated. The experience of using digital technologies by banking and non-banking financial institutions in Ukraine to ensure their own stable functioning in complex, unpredictable conditions is also analyzed. This made it possible to generalize and single out the main possible areas of positive impact of digital technologies on ensuring stable operation of financial institutions and functioning of the financial services market in general. Keywords: Financial Services Market, Commercial Bank, Non-Bank Financial Institutions, Insurance Company, Macroeconomic Stability, Digital Economy, Digitalization

The relevance of our study is due to the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and their significant impact on business models and strategies of enterprises. In the context of the global digital transformation, the introduction of IoT is becoming an important factor that can significantly increase the competitiveness of companies in various fields. The aim of the study is to look at how IoT is affecting the business models and strategies of enterprises in industries such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare and retail. We also aim to explore how these technological changes are contributing to process optimisation and efficiency gains for companies. In our work, we use a quantitative approach to analyse the adoption of IoT in the above industries. To do this, we analyse statistical data, analysts' reviews and conduct a comparative analysis of business models of companies that have already integrated IoT into their operations. The results showed that the impact of IoT varies by industry. In manufacturing and logistics, IoTis helping to automate processes and increase flexibility, in retail it is helping to customise personalised services, and in healthcare it is helping to improve the quality of patient care. However, challenges remain, including high implementation costs, cybersecurity issues, and infrastructure limitations. The findings of our study confirm that IoT not only improves operational processes but also changes business models, opening up new prospects for development. However, the successful implementation of these technologies requires addressing cybersecurity and infrastructure constraints, which requires additional investment and further research.

India is an agro based economy and agriculture is the growing sector. It is also required to consider the methods and techniques of farming to improve the output of the farming business. Simultaneously with the growth of output, other factors such as conservation of natural resources like land, water etc. are also required to be consider as their quality is deteriorating. Moreover, health of the society is also required to be considered as the people are going to consume the crop production directly. The economic conditions are also required to consider. Hence, this paper covers several aspects of one of the important method of farming i.e. organic. The attempt is made to examine the awareness and knowledge of the landholders for the method of agriculture selected under present study. Keywords: Organic farming, Bhal-bara region, Rural community. Introduction: In layman's language, the Organic farming is the practice carried on by the farmers to produce crop in a natural way without using chemical fertilizer. Moreover, it is noted that, such kind of crop production is having positive impact on the human health and environmental resources viz. land, water etc. can also be protected. Here, attempt is made to emphasize on the awareness and attitude of the farmer's community towards such practices carried on for the organic farming with reference to the region selected under study. The territory known as the Bhal region spans the political borders of the districts of Anand, Ahmedabad, and Bhavnagar. This area's name is most likely derived from the fact that it is essentially as level as a forehead and that there are no stones, pebbles, or gravel in nearly the whole soil. In the area, bhalia wheat is a significant agricultural crop.

The gig economy's ascent and the changing nature of the modern workforce demand a thorough examination of occupational health within this dynamic framework. This study compares workforce wellbeing in the gig economy to define the subtle health consequences that gig workers encounter in various industries and locations. This study used an interdisciplinary approach, combining concepts from economics, sociology, public health, and occupational health. Data from gig workers, who operate in a variety of non-traditional jobs, including platform-based tasks, on-call labor, and freelancing, will be gathered and analyzed for the project. Key dimensions under scrutiny include the physical-occupational health status and physical and psychological health of Ola and Uber drivers. The comparative aspect of the study aims to compare the occupational health and well-being of Ola and Uber drivers.495 drivers were chosen for the research using the purposive sample approach. Evidence-based policies and treatments designed to improve the occupational health of gig workers will be informed by the insights gained from this research. T

Purpose:The banking sector is amongflourishingsector in India. It forms the backbone of contemporary business and commands a sizable portion of the money supply. Finance Minister of India has announced the merging of India's 10 banks from public sector into four separate entities in response to the country's economic downturn. The government's goal was to increase liquidity, address the problem of nonperforming assets, and diversify risk to boost the economy. In that line, present study attempts to assess the impact of the mega mergers specifically of Punjab National Bank, Union Bank, Canara Bank and Indian Bank on theirfinancial performance during the period from 2018 to 2023. Methodology: To compare financial performance of pre and postperiod ofbank mergers by means ofdifferent financial ratios. Paired t-test was applied to check improvement in post-merger financial performance. Findings: Post-merger analysis showsthe diverse outcomes. Punjab National Bank excels in key metrics; Union Bank of India faces liquidity and return on assets challenges; Canara Bank improves profitability and reduces debt; and Indian Bank experiencedincrease inprofitability but required to enhance liquidity and leverage. T-test results indicate no significant changes in majority of financial ratios post-merger. Keywords: Mergers & Acquisitions, Financial Performance, Liquidity Ratios, Profitability Ratios, Leverage Ratios.

A healthy balance between work-life and occupational health has farreaching ramifications that go beyond personal fulfilment to include organizational productivity, employee retention, and the general wellbeing of society. The study explored the many facets of occupational health, including physical, mental, and social well-being in the workplace, by looking at actual data, theoretical frameworks, and useful insights from a variety of literature, to understand the complex interrelationship between work-life balance (WLB) and occupational health (OH) and the significant effects these relationships have on workers' well-being in modern workplaces. To serve the objectives of the study the data was collected with the help of a questionnaire from IT employees of Chennai. The same was analysed by using mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and chi-square test. Results show that improved employee well-being and a harmonious work-life balance are correlated in a positive direction. This research highlighted the significance of an equilibrium between occupational and personal obligations to lower work-family conflict, improve health outcomes, and increase employee job satisfaction. Additionally ,the study reflected on the important organizational elements in determining WLB and, in turn, employee welfare. These elements are supportive organizational cultures, effective policies, and leadership behaviours. As a result of clarifying the broad implications of occupational health and work-life balance for worker well-being, this study contributes to the growing domain on these topics. It promotes all-encompassing strategies that combine leadership commitment, strategic interventions, and organizational support to create work environments that promote holistic employee well-being in a range of professional contexts.

In today's rapidly evolving society, the importance of functional life skills for independent living cannot be overstated. This research paper explores the strategies for imparting functional life skills in India, focusing on their significance, implementation, and impact. The primary data was collected from 200 educators and parents in an around Mumbai region, and by examining various educational and community-based programs, the study aims to highlight effective practices that empower individuals, to lead independent and fulfilling lives. The paper incorporates data from recent studies, articles, websites and surveys in India, offering insights into the current state and future directions of functional life skills education. Keywords: Life Skills, Independent Living, Functional Life Skills Education Introduction Functional life skills are essential abilities that enable individuals to manage daily tasks and challenges independently. These skills encompass a wide range of activities, including personal care, financial management, social interaction, and vocational skills. In India, there is a growing recognition of the need to equip individuals, especially those with disabilities, with these skills to enhance their autonomy and quality of life. This paper aims to explore the strategies for teaching functional life skills in India, analyse their effectiveness, and provide recommendations for improving these programs.

In India 'Jugaad' is one type of innovation which entails use of ideas and techniques to make value addition to a product or service. The term 'Jugaad' refers to a flexible solution produced by ingenuity and wit. It's a cost-effective and adaptable method to innovation.(Ahuja, Radjou, & Prabhu, 2017). During the pandemic, Covid-19 to keep themselves pro tected from the virus infection during the lockdown various 'social distancing' and 'disinfecting' Jugaads were made in India. The paper studies the alignment of these Covid-19 Jugaads with the Jugaad principles mentioned in the literature and contributes to the existing literature pertaining to the study of Jugaads which believes that such Jugaads provides various social benefits. The Covid-19 Jugaad perspective also opens many research avenues for future studies to be made in this area. Keywords: Covid-19, Jugaads, Frugal Innovation, Entrepreneurship Introduction As per the report on the Global Innovation Index 2021: Tracking Innovation through the COVID-19 Crisis by WIPO(World Intellectual property Organization) in the category of lower-middle income economies India is amongst the top three innovation economies. India has moved from 48th position in 2020 to 46th position in 2021 i.e., ahead by two spots and thus making it into the top 50. It earned second place in the lower middle-income group.(WIPO, 2021). Innovation may be defined as application of knowledge to create additional value and wealth and successful innovation includes the use of any knowledge not necessarily technological with a result of addition in value and wealth.(Singh, Sharma, & Mahendru, 2011). In India 'Jugaad' is one type of innovation which entails use of ideas and techniques to make value addition to a product or service. The term 'Jugaad' refers to a flexible solution produced by ingenuity and wit. It's a cost-effective and adaptable method to innovation.(Ahuja, Radjou, & Prabhu, 2017) It's a term used in India to describe the kind of resourcefulness that allows Indians to deal with both big and small problems in their daily lives. Jugaad is all about improvising and cobbling together a solution quickly and cheaply with whatever materials you have on hand. (Hesseldahl, 2012).

India's economy is among the fastest-growing in the world, and one of the main industries fostering this growth is education. A lack of funding for humanizing intellectual capital in the field of education, however, is preventing the nation from reaching its full potential despite having a sizable population that includes young and educated workers. The country's intellectual capital has not yet been fully humanized; as a result, there is an increasing demand for investment in educational institutions to strengthen the diversified pool of human resources. This indicates that India is still having difficulty utilizing its intellectual capacity in the economy's education sector, which may result in missed chances and sluggish progress in important sectors like research, development, and innovation. India's intellectual capital needs to be humanized, especially in the area of education, in order to overcome this challenge. By making this investment, we can raise educational standards, give workers better possibilities for training and development, and strengthen our capacity for research and development. Improvement of education at all levels, from primary to university education, through the provision of better facilities, resources, and teaching methods are some of the efforts that can be supported by such investment. Promoting research and development, especially in fields important to India's development, such as technology, medicine, and agriculture. Giving the workers opportunities for training and development will enable them to gain new knowledge and skills and contribute to the economy more effectively.